Statistics Software

Data Analysis using Statistics Software Such as SPSS, Minitab, MS-Excel, STATA, Eviews, etc. Stat-Soft

Data View in SPSS (2024)

by

The IBM SPSS has two main windows (i) Data View and (ii) Variable View. Data View in SPSS is one of the primary ways of looking at a data file in Data View so that you can see each row as a source of data and each column as a variable. The data view in SPSS is the most useful way to look at the actual values of the data presented in the data set.

By default, SPSS launches in Data View mode.

Data View in SPSS

The following diagram of the SPSS workplace highlights the data view in SPSS and the variable view in SPSS.

Data View in SPSS

If you are not in Data View, click the Data View Tab to enter the data view and the data edit mode. Typically, one should enter the data after establishing the names and other properties of the variables in a data set. Many of the features of Data View are similar to the features that are found in spreadsheet-like applications (such as MS Excel). There are, however, several important distinctions:

SPSS Data view
  • Rows are cases: Each row in a data view represents a case or an observation. For example, each respondent to a questionnaire is a case.
  • Columns are variables: Each column represents a variable or characteristic being measured. For example, each item on a questionnaire is a variable.
  • Cells contain values. The cross-section of the row and column makes a cell. Each cell contains a single value of a variable for a case. The cell is where the case and the variable intersect. Cells contain only data values. Unlike spreadsheet programs, cells in the Data Editor cannot contain formulas.

In summary, the Data View in SPSS is the primary workspace for viewing, manipulating, and understanding the actual values in the dataset. It plays a vital role in data exploration, cleaning, and analysis.

Statistics Help: Itfeature.com

Simulating a Coin Tossing

How to Split Data File in SPSS?

by

In SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Sciences) split file option lets the user to splits the data into separate groups for analysis based on the values of one or more grouping variables. If user select multiple grouping variables, the cases are grouped by each variable within categories of the preceding variable on the groups based on list. Let us learn about the step-by-step procedure to Split Data file in SPSS.

How to Split Data File in SPSS

Suppose you want to take the separate mean of male and female (groups/ categories from gender variable) then one may use split file option.

  • First Open the data file you want to split.
  • Second, from the menu bar, click the Data Menu and then Split File Option (Data -> Split File)
Split Data File in SPSS Menu

The following dialog box “Split File” will appears. Click on the radio button title “Organize output by Groups” after clicking the Grouping variable from left pan.

Split File in SPSS Dialog Box Options
  • Select the Gender Varaible (or the grouping variable you want to split) in the dialog box at the left pan and clikc on the arrow at the “Groups based on” box.
Split File in SPSS
  • Click the OK button. Now, subsequent analyses will reflect the split.
  • The data in data windows will be logical splitted. One can run requierd descriptive and inferential analsysi of the splitted data.

Split File Off

  • The most important point is to get back to ‘normal’ where the data are not split, go back to Data/Split Files… and select the option ‘Analyze All cases.’
  • Press OK. It will show SPLIT FILE OFF. Then you can get back output of data without splitting the files.

https://rfaqs.com

Introduction to SPSS Statistics Software

by

SPSS is a statistical software package that is used to analyze the data (either in quantitative or qualitative form.) and it also helps to interpret the findings. SPSS stands for Statistical Packages for Social Science.

Introduction to SPSS Statistics

In 2009, SPSS was acquired by IBM. Now, the versions of SPSS are being named “IBM SPSS Statistics”, version 27.

Introduction to SPSS Statistics

SPSS software is used by insurance, banking, telecom, retail, consumer package Goods, market research, health research, survey companies, government (election, population, plan), education system and students researchers, finance, etc. to analyze data. SPSS is capable of analyzing a large amount of data and creating tables and graphs.

SPSS software is used for statistical tests because sometimes it is hard to deal with a large amount of data and perform different mathematical and statistical equations by hand. So, it is helpful for us, it also helps us to interpret the results, check normality, testing of hypotheses, computation of different averages, plot simple to complex graphs, and so on. SPSS offers a wide range of statistical methods. Some examples are:

1) Helps to define and show missing values in the data

Introduction to SPSS Statistics Software

2) Compute Descriptive Statistics such as Frequency Distribution

Analyze > Descriptive statistics > Frequency > statistics

Introduction to SPSS Statistics Software

On entered data, and for selected variables, one may get appropriate and required measures such as mean, sum, mode, percentiles, quartiles, variance, range, and other measures of dispersion, skewness, kurtosis, etc.

Statistical Techniques in SPSS

Descriptive Statistics

Different Statistics can be performed such as Cross Tabulation, Frequency, Descriptive, Explore, and Descriptive Ratio Statistics. All these options contain relevant statistical measures such as measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion, measures of position, measures for identification of shape of distribution, etc.

Inferential Statistics

Inferential statistics from basic to advanced can also be performed in SPSS Software.

Estimation: Confidence Interval (lower and upper limits) and point estimation (single value).

Hypothesis Testing:

Differences Between Groups: Independent Sample t-test, Paired Sample t-test, One-Way ANOVA, Two-Way ANOVA, Chi-Squared Test for Homogeneity, etc.

Correlation Association: Pearson’s Correlation, Spearman Correlation, Chi-Squared Test of Association, Fisher Exact Test of Independence, Odd Ratio, Relative Risk.

Regression Model and Prediction: Linear Regression models, such as Simple and Multiple Regression, Step-Wise Regression, Logistic Regression, Poisson Regression, etc.

Complex Sample and Testing: Compute Statistics and Standard Error by Complex Sample Design, Visualizes and Explores Complex Categorization, Imputes Missing Values through Statistical Algorithms.

Graphs and Data Visualizations: Line, Chart, Histogram, Bar Chart, Pie Chart, Scatter Plot, Box Plot, Area Chart, Q-Q Plot, Simple 3D Bar Chart, Population Pyramid, Frequency Polygon.

So we say that the SPSS software plays a significant role in the process of analyzing and interpreting the data with the help of statistical features and methods.

For different SPSS Software Tutorials, see the following links:

Introduction to R Language

Online MCQs Quiz Website

MCQs MS Excel 2

by

The post is about MCQs MS Excel which serves as a valuable resource for enhancing skills and preparing for exams such as MS-CIT, entrance exams, and university assessments. This quiz encompasses both fundamental and advanced aspects of MS Excel to assist professionals and students alike. Let us start with MCQs MS Excel.

Online MCQs MS Excel with answers

1. A cell is defined as

 
 
 
 

2. _________ is the correct syntax of the IF() Function.

 
 
 
 

3. Which option allows you to display all numbers that are less than 0 (negative numbers) in red color in MS Excel?

 
 
 
 

4. ____ happens when you select a cell in MS Excel and type “=B25”

 
 
 
 

5. When using VLOOKUP, there are some common limitations that data analysts should be aware of. One of these limitations is that VLOOKUP can only return a value from the data to the left of the matched value.

 
 

6. ____ is not a function in Excel.

 
 
 
 

7. A data analyst creates an absolute reference around a function array. What is the purpose of the absolute reference?

 
 
 
 

8. ____ type of chart is good for a single series of data.

 
 
 
 

9. _____ Excel function returns TRUE or FALSE based on two or more conditions

 
 
 
 

10. A function is created using data values from a specified array. It works correctly only some of the time. You verify that the function was used correctly and you ask a colleague for their input. They ask if you locked the data array. What does this mean?

 
 
 
 

11. What happens when you click on CTRL + X after selecting some cells in Excel?

 
 
 
 

12. A data analyst uses the SUM function to add together numbers from a spreadsheet. After getting a zero result, they realize the numbers are text. What function can they use to convert the text to a numeric value?

 
 
 
 

13. The VALUE function converts a numeric value into a text string in a spreadsheet.

 
 

14. When writing a function, a data analyst wraps a table array in dollar signs. This is an _____, which is used to lock the array so rows and columns don’t change if the function is copied.

 
 
 
 

15. MS Excel function VLOOKUP can have problems when used on data values that have leading and trailing spaces. What function can be used to eliminate these spaces?

 
 
 
 

16. What is an Excel feature that displays only the data in column (s) according to specified criteria?

 
 
 
 

17. Which symbol is used to specify the fixed columns or rows in the formula?

 
 
 
 

18. The interface provided by a matrix of rows and columns for manipulation with numeric data is called.

 
 
 
 

19. A data analyst locks the rows and columns in their spreadsheet by wrapping their function’s data array in dollar signs ($). Why would they do this?

 
 
 
 

20. If cells A1 and A2 are empty, what will be the value of the following Excel Formula? =A1 * A2

 
 
 
 


Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet software that is an integral part of the MS Office software Package. A software that is capable of performing calculations from daily life to advanced level. One can perform calculations from basic mathematics to advanced including statistical and financial computations.

Online MCQs MS Excel

Schools, colleges, Universities, and Examination and Testing conducting authorities such as FPSC, NTS, KPPSC, PPSC SPSC, and others, are adding computer MCQs in their test patron to check CIT and computer-related knowledge of the applicants. MCQs MS Excel covers basic topics of Microsoft MS Excel, it especially focuses on MS Excel for statistical computations.

MCQs MS Excel

  • MS Excel function VLOOKUP can have problems when used on data values that have leading and trailing spaces. What function can be used to eliminate these spaces?
  • A function is created using data values from a specified array. It works correctly only some of the time. You verify that the function was used correctly and you ask a colleague for their input. They ask if you locked the data array. What does this mean?
  • A data analyst uses the SUM function to add together numbers from a spreadsheet. After getting a zero result, they realize the numbers are text. What function can they use to convert the text to a numeric value?
  • When using VLOOKUP, there are some common limitations that data analysts should be aware of. One of these limitations is that VLOOKUP can only return a value from the data to the left of the matched value.
  • A data analyst locks the rows and columns in their spreadsheet by wrapping their function’s data array in dollar signs ($). Why would they do this?
  • When writing a function, a data analyst wraps a table array in dollar signs. This is an __________, which is used to lock the array so rows and columns don’t change if the function is copied.
  • The VALUE function converts a numeric value into a text string in a spreadsheet.
  • A data analyst creates an absolute reference around a function array. What is the purpose of the absolute reference?
  • The interface provided by a matrix of rows and columns for manipulation with numeric data is called.
  • A cell is defined as
  • __________ is the correct syntax of the IF() Function.
  • __________ type of chart is good for a single series of data.
  • What is an Excel feature that displays only the data in column (s) according to specified criteria?
  • __________ is not a function in Excel.
  • Excel function returns TRUE or FALSE based on two or more conditions
  • What happens when you click on CTRL + X after selecting some cells in Excel?
  • __________ happens when you select a cell in MS Excel and type “=B25”
  • Which symbol is used to specify the fixed columns or rows in the formula?
  • Which option allows you to display all numbers that are less than 0 (negative numbers) in red color in MS Excel?
  • If cells A1 and A2 are empty, what will be the value of the following Excel Formula? =A1 * A2

Note that most of the questions in the quiz apply to almost all versions of MS Excel. The questions included in the MCQs MS Excel Quizzes are asked as part of the computer operation general knowledge section of the basic computer awareness test.

SPSS Analysis and Statistics for Data Analysts

R Programming

Online MCCQs Test Website