Testing of Hypothesis

The post is about Hypothesis Testing MCQs Test with Answers. The quiz contains 20 questions about hypothesis testing and p-values. It covers the topics of formulation of the null and alternative hypotheses, level of significance, test statistics, region of rejection, decision, effect size, about acceptance and rejection of the hypothesis. Let us start with the Quiz Hypothesis Testing MCQs Test now.

Online Hypothesis Testing MCQs Test with Answers

• Which of the following are tests about population proportions and frequencies?
• Which of the following would best be analyzed using a chi-square test of independence?
• A man accused of committing a crime is taking a polygraph (lie detector) test. The polygraph is essentially testing the hypotheses $H_0$: The man is telling the truth vs. $H_a$: The man is not telling the truth. Suppose we use a 5% level of significance. Based on the man’s responses to the questions asked, the polygraph determines a P-value of 0.08. We conclude that:
• If you were running a two-tail t-test with a sample size of $n=24$, what would the critical t-value be if $\alpha$ was chosen as 5%?
• If a p-value for a hypothesis test of the mean was 0.0330 and the level of significance was 5%, what conclusion would you draw?
• The power of a statistical test is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is —————–. When you increase alpha, the power of the test will —————.
• The value $(1 – \alpha)$ is called ————–.
• Which of the following is false?
• Which of the following is false?
• We want to estimate the average coffee intake of Coursera students, measured in cups of coffee. A survey of 1,000 students yields an average of 0.55 cups per day, with a standard deviation of 1 cup per day. Which of the following is not necessarily true?
• One-sided alternative hypotheses are phrased in terms of:
• A Type 2 error occurs when the null hypothesis is
• You set up a two-sided hypothesis test for a population mean with a null hypothesis of $H_0:\mu=100$. You chose a significance level $\alpha=0.05$. The p-value calculated from the data is 0.12, and hence you failed to reject the null hypothesis. Suppose that after your analysis was completed and published, an expert informed you that the true value of  $\mu$ is 104. How would you describe the result of your analysis?
• For given values of the sample mean and the sample standard deviation when $n = 25$, you conduct a hypothesis test and obtain a p-value of 0.0667, which leads to non-rejection of the null hypothesis. What will happen to the p-value if the sample size increases (and all else stays the same)?
• A study compared five different methods for teaching descriptive statistics. The five methods were (i) traditional lecture and discussion, (ii) programmed textbook instruction, (iii) programmed text with lectures, (iv) computer instruction, and (v) computer instruction with lectures. 45 students were randomly assigned, 9 to each method. After completing the course, students took a 1-hour exam. We are interested in finding out if the average test scores are different for the different teaching methods. If the original significance level for the ANOVA was 0.05, what should be the adjusted significance level for the pairwise tests to compare all pairs of means to each other?
• Which of the following is false regarding paired data?
• A statement or assumption made about the value of a population parameter is
• Which hypothesis is tested for possible rejection under the assumption that it is true?
• The feed of a certain type of hormone increases the mean weight of chicks by 0.3 ounces. A sample of 25 eggs has a mean increase of 0.4 ounces with a standard deviation of 0.20 ounces. What is the value of the t-statistic?
• Scientists claim that a diet will increase the mean weight of eggs at least by 0.3 ounces. A sample of 25 eggs has a mean increase of 0.4 ounces with a SD of 0.20. What will be the null hypothesis for testing this claim about diet?

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MCQs General Knowledge

The quiz is about Testing of Hypothesis Quiz with Answers. The quiz contains 20 questions about hypothesis testing and p-values. It covers the topics of formulation of the null and alternative hypotheses, level of significance, test statistics, region of rejection, decision, effect size, value, confidence interval, about acceptance and rejection of the hypothesis. Let us start with the MCQs Testing of Hypothesis Quiz now.

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Testing of Hypothesis Quiz with Answers

• The main goal of a direct replication is to ————-; replications are important according to Popper because —————.  
• What is an important reason to make sure the data and analysis scripts related to your research are well-organized?
• In Frequentist statistics, a p-value lower than the alpha level can mean —————. This differs from Bayesian statistics, which focuses on ——————.
• You performed 6 studies, only 4 of them had a significant result. The likelihood ratio of this happening assuming $H_0$ versus assuming $H_1$ tells you ————-. If you assume you had around 80% power, this likelihood ratio will probably show that ————-.
• We compare model A (the effect is 0) to model B (the effect is 1) and find a Bayes Factor of 10 which means ————–; the effect size is estimated with a certain 95% credible interval, this interval ———————.
• When $H_0$ is true, the probability that at least 1 out of an $X$ completely independent findings is a Type 1 error is equal to —————-, this probability ————— when you look at your data and collect more data if a test is not significant.
• You did a pilot study that found an effect size of 0.4, and $p < 0.05$. You decide to repeat the study with a power of 80% and an alpha of 5%. In the second study, assuming $H_0$ is true, the probability of a type 1 error is ————–. Assuming $H_0$ is false, the probability of a type 2 error is —————–.
• A researcher reports two significant findings testing the same hypothesis, using an alpha of 5%. The researcher predicted one finding before doing the study, but the other finding was observed during exploratory analyses where many tests were performed. Which statement is correct?
• An example of a standardized effect size is ————–; these are useful for ————–.
• If the difference between means is 2, and the standard deviation is 3, Cohen’s d is —————- which is ————— according to the rule of thumb.
• In an ANOVA with multiple predictors, a partial eta-squared gives ————–?
• You analyze your data in two ways. With Frequentist statistics you find a mean effect size of 3, with a 95% confidence interval of 1 to 5. With Bayesian methods, you find a mean of 2.75, with a 95% credible interval of 1.5 to 4. Which conclusions can you make?
• What are the benefits of performing a study with a larger sample size, compared to doing the same study with a smaller sample size (all else being equal)?
• You performed a p-curve analysis and found a skewed distribution of p-values with much more small p-values (around 0.01) than high p-values (around 0.04). What does this mean?
• You predict that your intervention will significantly increase participants’ performance on a test, this is an example of —————-. You find a significant result and conclude your theory is true, this is an example of ——————-.
• For confirmatory analyses it is problematic to —————; for exploratory analyses, it is NOT problematic to ——————.
• The main goal of direct replication is —————; the main reason(s) why successful replication rates are low is ——————-.
• How do we know there is publication bias in favor of significant results? Why is it unreasonable to expect articles with 4 experiments that aim for 80% power to exclusively show significant results?
• The Dutch Government wants 100% of scientific articles to be Open Access in 2024. What is the main advantage of open access that led the government to aim for 100% Open Access in 2024?
• If a test of hypothesis has a Type I error probability of 0.01, what does this mean?

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The quiz is about Hypothesis Testing MCQs with Answers. The quiz contains 20 questions about hypothesis testing and p-values. It covers the topics of formulation of the null and alternative hypotheses, level of significance, test statistics, region of rejection, decision, effect size, about acceptance and rejection of the hypothesis. Let us start with the Quiz Hypothesis Testing MCQs Quiz now.

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Online Hypothesis Testing MCQs with Answers

• You perform five tests without correcting for multiple comparisons. The error rate for each test is ————–. After using the Bonferonni correction, the individual error rate for each test is —————.
• An example of an unstandardized effect size is ——————; unstandardized effect sizes ——————.
• The difference between eta-squared and partial eta-squared is ————, the difference between eta-squared and omega-squared is ————–
• You replicate an older study, which reported both credible intervals and confidence intervals. You also calculate both. Which statement is correct?
• In studies with less observations, parameters like effect sizes vary —————, the power to detect the effect size in the population depends, among other things, on —————–.  
• You performed a p-curve analysis and found a skewed distribution of p-values which peaks around $p = 0.045$, what does this mean?
• You predict that your intervention will increase all participants’ performance on a test, this is an example of —————–. After the study, you conclude that the intervention only works for women but not men, this is an example of —————–.
• Predicting that a measured variable differs in two groups, without random assignment to conditions, is often ——————.
• Going through a dataset and looking at which effects are present can be problematic when —————-. It is NOT problematic when you ————–.
• What is the purpose of an ANOVA test?
• Which of the following is a possible alternative hypothesis $H_1$ for a two-tailed test?
• Using the teacher’s rating data, is there an association between native (native English speakers) and the number of credits taught? What test will you use?
• If I wanted to test for association using a chi-square test, whether there is an association between gender (Male or Female) and tenure-ship (tenured or not tenured), what would be my degree of freedom?
• Consider a normally distributed data set with mean $\mu = 63.18$ inches and standard deviation $\sigma = 13.27$ inches. What is the z-score when $x = 91.54$ inches?
• The battery life of smartphones is of great concern to customers. A consumer group tested four brands of smartphones to determine the battery life. Samples of phones of each brand were fully charged and left to run until the battery died. The table above displays the number of hours each of the batteries lasted. What test will be used to test the difference in means?
• A room in a laboratory is only considered safe if the mean radiation level is 400 or less. When a sample of 10 radiation measurements was taken, the mean value of the radiation was 414 with a standard deviation of 17. Some concerns mean radiation is above 414. Radiation levels in the lab are known to follow a normal distribution with a standard deviation of 22. We would like to conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% level of significance to determine whether there is evidence that the laboratory is unsafe. What will be the appropriate test?
• Which of the following statements about the ANOVA F-test score are true?
• An experiment has been performed with a factor having two levels. There are 10 observations at each level. The following data results: $\overline{y_1} = 10.5, S_1=2, \overline{y_2}=12.4, S_2=1.6$ You conduct a test of the hypothesis that the two means are equal. Assume that the alternative hypothesis is two-sided and that the population variances are equal. The P-value is:
• An experiment has been conducted to test the equality of two means, with known variances. The P-value for the Z-test statistic was 0.023. Assume a two-sided alternative hypothesis. The 95% confidence interval on the difference in the two means included the value zero.
• The most important assumption in using the t-test is that the sample data come from normal populations.

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